What Everyone Else Does When It Comes to Explanatory Essay Topics Ideas and What You Need to Do Different

What Everyone Else Does When It Comes to Explanatory Essay Topics Ideas and What You Need to Do Different An essay is only a string of thoughts which have been put in order to create a coherent idea. When you've done your research, you should start composing your paper. An excellent essay outline example is able to help you get your essay written quickly. If this is the case, you could have a fantastic beginning to your expository essay. Then you need to focus on your reader. An excellent introduction can help you to establish your argument. If you're going to compose an expository essay, be ready to devote much time hitting books. A thriving process essay is going to be detailed enough so a reader will have all the info required to finish the job. Actually, understanding essay question requires more time than you believe, but it's among the most important facets of essay writing process. Locate the trustworthy information for the essay topic you will work on. You may write about just about any topic you want. Certainly, embarking on a search to select an explanatory essay topic is similar to searching for a needle in a haystack! Still, you can pick a topic and develop terrific ideas, but writing a synthesis essay is going to be a true challenge to overcome. Explanatory essay introduction wants a strong hook to entice readers' interest. Synthesis essay produces a discourse which can be a profound argument, although your topic and the manner in which you investigate it might provoke interesting thought in the audience's minds. Each expository essay is going to have definite objective. Sometimes it's a matter of widening your search area in case you don't find what you desire. Therefore, if you would like to have nontrivial expository essay topic that necessitates thorough research, choose something which refers to a technological region of study. No matter how you're feeling about them, it has to be noted they're remarkable and are rather similar in structure, design and destruction. Last but not the least, you must use easy and legible language that is simpler for the reader to comprehend and help to set a logical relation between the introduction, body and the conclusion. Definitions of Explanatory Essay Topics Ideas Thus, you may easily gather information and present various views on the discipline. Following that, you're going to be prepared to analyze the provided topics and select the best one. The site is user-friendly and can readily generate you a list of topics you may come across interesting. If you don't know them, look on the internet for a ph otograph, and any other information that you may use. There are various forms of expository essays. An explanatory essay sample is there on the site of Students Assignment Help to understand the essay quality offered to the students. You will have to incorporate all your research sources in a bibliography. An explanatory article is among the most popular academic requirements in school. The Debate Over Explanatory Essay Topics Ideas Think of a certain skill you've got and may teach others. Human characters also have been used to emphasize the book's issues and themes. Among the challenges which you may face while being assigned to compose a synthesis essay is the proper selection of topic. The book has many minor characters. Do not presume that your readers already know something about the things you're going to present to them. There are many topics readily available today which form a terrific foundation for the upcoming informative essay. To put it differently, it's a guide on how best to do something. All the above are fantastic animal farm essay ideas which you can decide to explore. Affordable papers is a company which has been assisting thousands of consumers from the us uk and europe during the past ten years. It is possible to get ideas about how to produce your own outline also. It ought to be relevant, catchy, and manageable you will need to be sure that you may cover it well and offer enough intriguing ideas.

I Interviewed A Former Babysitter Of Mine - 1212 Words

For this assignment, I interviewed a former babysitter of mine, DL. DL is 25 years old and is deaf. She has a hearing aid and a cochlear implant. I reached out to her on Facebook and asked her if I could interview her for the assignment; I sent her the list of questions and she sent the answers back to me. She does not remember noticing that she couldn’t hear; her guess is that her hearing loss was from birth and very gradual, so she never noticed and thought it was normal as a kid. Her parents noticed something was off by the age of 3- she had a severe language delay, didn’t do well with verbal instruction, and was extremely quiet and shy. She does not know the cause of her hearing loss. DL finds it most difficult to hear in†¦show more content†¦She thinks the most helpful thing a person has said to her about her hearing loss came from her resource teacher (who was also part of the DHOH program). She says, â€Å"I was writing an autobiography for my homework assignment and I started it off with ‘I’m DL and I’m hard of hearing’ and my teacher gently corrected me and told me that I now had severe to profound hearing loss and was considered Deaf. It was the first time someone explained the level of my hearing loss (even though it was in simplistic terms) and it proved to be a catalyst for my Deaf identity today. â€Å" DL got her first hearing aid at 5. Her father put in the hearing aids every day when she was young until she was assigned a teacher to help her practice putting in the hearing aids. The teacher was a DHOH specialist who pulled her out of class weekly to practice how to use the hearing aid, changing batteries, and lip reading skills. She was considered a better candidate for hearing aids since she had a mild hearing loss when she was younger and not deemed a good fit for surgical intervention since hearing aids was the least invasive procedure for hearing. Eventually, DL decided to get a cochlear implant. She started to realize that her hearing loss was progressive; she went from a mild hearing loss at 33 dB to severe to profound hearing loss at 95 dB. At that time she had mostly

Concentric ring design Essay Example For Students

Concentric ring design Essay By looking at the site at Hilli we can learn about peoples lives in Hilli. We dont learn much about peoples lives elsewhere during the same time. This is because the site at Hilli has not been preserved properly and has eroded away over the years.  By looking at only the site we can learn what the people were like, how they lived and whether they traded and with whom.  We saw that the land was barren and not much grew there anymore, but we can assume that the land would have been fertile because we saw wells at the site which are quite shallow compared to the current level of the water table. This meant that they had water, which, they could reach. At the site, there were no remains of any houses that the people may have lived in. We think that this is because the houses were probably made of barasti, dried palm leaves, and so they would have decomposed over time. We think that their houses were made of barasti because the tribes that lived in the Emirates more recently used to have houses made of barasti. We know that barasti was easily available because there were and still are lots of palm trees in the area. We know that the people of Hilli were very skilful. There are remains of large tombs and buildings, which were made of mud brick. Even though the biggest and most impressive building has been reconstructed we still get an idea of how skilful the people were. They were able to collect stone, from the Hajar Mountains, and then shape it to make buildings.  By looking at the tomb found at the site, I think that there was some kind of link between the people of Hilli and the people of Um An Nar. We think this because the tombs found in Um An Nar are very similar to the ones found in Hilli. They were built in the same way, separated into similar sections and were of a similar size and shape. When we visited the site we saw that the land around Hilli I and II had lots of vegetation. We also saw wells built near the original buildings of Hilli I and II. This tells us that the people probably farmed because there was a source of water and the land was, and still is naturally fertile which enables crops to grow.  By looking at the reconstructed building at the site, we can learn a little bit about the peoples religion. We know that no bones were found inside the building so we think that it may have been used as a temple. Also the building has been built in a way that it is aligned so one side receives lots of light during the day and the other side doesnt receive much light. We think this may have some religious significance, like life and death. At the site there are remains of tombs but not houses. This could mean that they built the tombs taking more time and effort because they were important. However all of the information found solely at the site is not enough for us to learn about the people of Hilli, or any other people during the 3rd millennium. To further increase our knowledge we had to visit the museum where finds from the site of Hilli are kept and we read a source-pack of information. This included archaeological reports of the site and what the archaeologists found there. We read sources about he bones found in the tombs of Hilli. We learnt that the people were tall and healthy. We also know that the people ate many different types of wheat, because one source mentioned what the archaeologists found in a rubbish pit.  We also know that they were healthy because they did lots of physical work, like farming and building. .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .postImageUrl , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:hover , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:visited , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:active { border:0!important; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:active , .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud2c10c983971c2432c7fa7c8454d44ba:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Charlton Heston EssayWe know that the people knew how to use the raw materials they found around them. They used the environment around them to help them become prosperous. They made buildings and tools from stone. We saw some stone tools at the museum, which showed the skill of the people. Also At the museum we saw copper jewellery, so we know that they knew how to use copper. The people used different methods like castings and hammering to make things from copper. Remains of pots, jewellery and weapons that were found around the site were also exhibited in the museum. All these show us that the people had lots of different skills which they had excelled in. In the museum we saw many clay and stone pots. The decorations on the pots tell us about the people who lived at Hilli. There were some clay pots, which had decorations of peacocks. This tells us that they probably traded with the Indus Valley where peacocks were common, unlike the area of Hilli.  Other stone pots had the concentric ring design, very famous in the Mesopotamian area. We think that Hilli may have these pots because they sold Mesopotamia their stone. The Mesopotamians would then make pots using the stone and sell some of the pots back to Hilli.

THE THEORY OF FREIGHT RATES An Amazing Assortment Of Goods Are Moved O

THE THEORY OF FREIGHT RATES An amazing assortment of goods are moved over the worlds ocean trade routes. Of necessity, the carriers charge for the service they render. These charges vary almost as widely as do the cargoes, for they mirror both the shipowner's costs and the special conditions prevailing on the trade routes traversed by the ships. Ocean freight rates may be described as the prices charged for the services of water carriers. Each ship operator develops it's own rates, usually without consultation with the shippers. The charges reflect the cost of providing the carriage, the value of this service to the owner of the goods, the ability of the merchandise to support the expense of transportation, and economic conditions in general. Freight rates truly reflect the working of the laws of supply and demand. In tramp shipping, particularly, it is possible to observe how these factors influence the rise or fall of freight rates from day to day and from cargo to cargo. Tramp ships transport, in shipload (or full cargo) lots, commodities which, like coal, grain, ore, and phosphate rock, can be moved in bulk. The fact that usually only one shipper and one commodity are involved simplifies the establishment of a freight rate for this particular movement. To the capital charges of ownership and the expense of administration and overhead must be added the cost of running the ship, handling the cargo, and paying port fees and harbor dues. Against this total is set the number of tons to be hauled, and the resultant figure is what the tramp must charge, per ton of cargo loaded, to break even on the contemplated voyage. If competitive conditions permit, a margin for profit will form part of the quoted rate. If however the prevailing economic climate is unfavorable, the owner has the privilege of retiring the ship to a quit backwater, there to wait until the financial skies are brighter. The tramp operator does not depend upon the longterm goodwill of the shippers, but is free to accept those offers which appear profitable at the moment. When adversity threatens, those charters are accepted which minimize anticipated losses. If there is a choice, the cost of temporary lay-up is contrasted with the loss which continued operation might produce, and the less expensive alternative is selected in a bow to the inevitable made with whatever grace that can be mustered. Liner-service companies, on the other hand, depend for financial prosperity upon the accumulated goodwill of shippers who, through the years, come to rely upon the regular and continued operation of the company's fleet. Temporary withdrawal from service whenever economic conditions are less than favorable is unthinkable. The liner will sail on her regular run, whether full or not, she will carry a wide variety of commodities, each with its own peculiarities, in quantities which can be estimated in advance more or less accurately, but never with complete certainty. The ports of call are known far in advance of sailing, and the total expense of working the ship can be calculated with acceptable precision. Since, however, the exact distribution of tonnage, commodity by commodity, varies with every trip, it is not possible to establish a rate that reflects the cost of transporting a single ton of a particular commodity as closely as does a tramp owner's computation. This is not to suggest that liner-service operators cannot compute to a nicety the costs of owning and operating their ships. They know to a fraction of a cent their daily costs for amortization and interest on borrowed capital, and what administrative expenses they must charge to individual voyages. In the same manner that their counterparts in the tramping trade are able to fix individual rates, liner owners can determine what they should charge per-ton to carry a single commodity when it is offered in lots sufficient to fill one of their ships. From experience, the liner- service operators know approximately what is going to move, voyage after voyage, and have a good idea of what tonnage to expect. They must estimate the overhead to be charged against each commodity and the out of pocket costs of handling them at ports of loading and discharge. An apportionment of revenue must be made to defray the administrative expense of the vessel operation. Finally, a small profit should be added to compensate the owners for the risks they assume as well as for their skill and enterprise,

Variations on the Word Love essays

Variations on the Word Love essays The word love has many meanings to describe personal feelings and has been overused as a marketing tool. In Margaret Atwoods poem, Variations on the Word Love, the author explores the meanings and the different interpretations of the word love. She explains these meanings through symbolism, imagery, and diction. The word 'love' is overused and can be interpreted in a numerous ways losing its meaning. Symbolism in the poem allows Atwood to explore the many meanings of love by replacing them with different symbols. Atwood describes love as, a word we use to plug holes with (Lines 1-2). Atwood does not mean plugging real holes like in the ground but plugging a gap in a sentence to express personal feelings or indescribable words. Love is one of these words that is used, to plug holes with (Lines 1,2), because it has many interpretations and meanings that it fills the gaps of what people are trying to say perfectly. Many people use this word to fill in gaps to express their feelings, which has been repeatedly used to the point that the word love has lost meaning. Atwood tries to describe the many ways love is interpreted and used in our society. Her use of imagery to explore what love really means, gives the reader a mental picture. She asks, How do we know it isnt what goes on at the cool debaucheries of slugs under damp pieces of cardboard? (Line 13-16) This imagery personificates the slugs to be able to have the human emotion of love. Atwood is trying to relay the fact that there are endless amounts of meanings for the word love. By using the metaphor, a finger grip on a cliffside (Lines 35-36). Atwood tries to describe the feeling of 'love' but does not specifically say what the feeling of love really is. The true meaning of the word love...

DailyWritingTips Crosses The 20,000 Subscribers Mark

DailyWritingTips Crosses The 20,000 Subscribers Mark DailyWritingTips Crosses The 20,000 Subscribers Mark DailyWritingTips Crosses The 20,000 Subscribers Mark By Daniel Scocco I am glad to say that this week our blog crossed 20,000 subscribers. If you are one of them, thank you! If you are not, what are you waiting for? You can subscribe and keep updated with all our posts, via RSS, email or Twitter. And yeah, it is completely free. Now let me share with you guys how it all started. Early in 2007 my DailyBlogTips.com blog was growing quite fast. As the name implies, my goal there is to help other bloggers, and I realized that most people around could use a brush-up on their writing skills. Initially I was not sure if I should publish the writing tips on that same blog or start a new blog exclusively for that purpose. I ended opting for the latter, and DailyWritingTips.com was born. English is my second language, so instead of writing the content myself I decided to bring some writers aboard. Maeve Maddox was one of them, and boy did she know her stuff. Her very first post, titled Let the Word Do the Work, received over 5,000 visitors and many comments in a matter of 24 hours. Along the years we also had other talented writers contributing to the blog, but Maeve was the most prolific one, and now she is the editor in chief. Once in a while I chime in with a post or two (like this one), but she is in charge of our core content. And that is where we are right now. But stay tuned, because we have a lot of great content in the pipeline for you! Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the General category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Definitely use "the" or "a"Capitalization Rules for Names of Historical Periods and MovementsUsing Writing Bursts to Generate Ideas and Enthusiasm

Will the dental college survive or collapse Essay

Will the dental college survive or collapse - Essay Example In one part of the book, when the alpha dog stands in a forest surrounded by tall pine trees, it comes to a moment of truth. His primitive instincts beckon it to the wild. In a similar way, human beings are facing their moment of truth. Standing on the very land that sustains them, they are being faced by a call from earth (McFadden, 2011). In his book, Jared Diamond talks about how the earth is showing signs and warning of a catastrophe in the making. Diamond is of the perspective that environmental degradation is one of the major reasons for the collapse of societies. The annals of history are rife with such examples. They show that successful societies were able to effectively address environmental concerns. Diamond believes that environmental concerns hold equal importance, if not more, than other factors that contribute to the success of a society. Taking care of the environment before it is too late makes the difference between a failed and a successful society. Diamond devised a formula for explaining how societies collapsed: environmental crisis + failure of a society to address = collapse of society (McFadden, 2011). Taking these factors into consideration, this essay will analyze the various attributes of the corporation that I work in- a dental college. The various aspects of the dental college will be evaluated and it will be discusses whether they are contributing to its success or collapse. Profile The dental college under consideration is a proprietary vocational college. A vocational college is defined as an institution where individuals are taught the skills necessary to become a professional in a certain job. Vocational colleges can operate on non-profit basis or can be proprietary. Since the dental college is proprietary, it does not have key affiliations with any of the popular universities of the country. Since it is private, it has a commercial nature and operates for the benefits of the people who own it. Students are charged fees, which is used to run the college. It was established in 1961. Starting from 42 students and with a faculty of 11 teachers, the building was located in the heart of the city. Over the time the college has expanded the education being offered, with programs being provided for postgraduates now. Training is offered to both students who are pursuing doctoral programs and who have completed their doctoral degree. In the past, the college has produced influential dentists that are practicing in various parts of the country. Along with the education being provided to the students, the college also invests in research (Dim & Cricco, 2001). Analyzing the dental college: failing or succeeding? Daniel Wren is of the perspective that management extends beyond military and politics- a concept that was appreciated by the Greeks hundreds of years ago. The Greeks increasingly considered the importance of management in social reform and patterns of social relations (Chiu, 2010). This entails that manageme nt plays an important role in the routine working of businesses. Most, if not all, of the successful organizations in the US are admired and their wide-ranging managerial skills imitated by businesses all over the world. According to Normand (2004), there are two main traits that distinguish these organizations from other struggling businesses in the world. These two traits are the eagerness for the future and the ability to change. Successful corporations look forward to the future and aim to improve things. They also are willing and keen to change in order to achieve their aims. A general rule that guarantees the success of a business is management. Successful corporations have been associated with the use of effective management skills. Management entails the effective supervision and regulation of the

The Arab-Israeli Conflict and its Correlation to Cold War Tensions Term Paper - 1

The Arab-Israeli Conflict and its Correlation to Cold War Tensions - Term Paper Example nger held the status of power, and U.S and Soviet Union were regarded as the two superpowers thus fueling the Cold War tensions that would dominate the coming decades. Rothwell (2001) claims that the end of Second World War led to the collapse of League of Nations and subsequent formation of the United Nations that oversaw the creation of State of Israel in 1948 thus fueling the Arab-Israel conflict. From the Soviet Union perspective, the large Germany population in the Eastern Europe countries was a potential threat to another war and Western allies were determined to secure a lasting peace in Poland and neighboring countries through the expulsion of the Germans (Peitsch, Burdett & Gorrara, 2006). Accordingly, Soviet Union wanted to exert its influence on the satellite states and ultimately entrench communism ideals and punish German for the collective atrocities and brutalities during the War (Uris, (2011). The Arab-Israel conflict has similarities with World War 2 and Cold War since all the wars entailed expansionist doctrines since Germany desired to expand their territories while Israel expanded its territory during the war (Rieber, 2000). The Arab-Israel War led to expulsion of thousands of Palestinians from their land in order to create a homogenous Jewish society and expand the territory in order to create military defense lines. The Cold War period was dominated by development of nuclear arsenal, proxy wars, propaganda, technological competitions and psychological warfare since the US and its allies wanted to contain the powerful Eastern bloc countries and challenge the Soviet Union. The destruction of Versailles settlement and growth of Germany hegemony over Eastern Europe led to fundamental changes in the ethnic composition of the population in neighboring countries and ultimately triggered German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941. Snyder (2013) asserts that the initial expulsion entailed evacuation of Germans due to advancing Red Army in mid 1944

View from the bridge Essay Example for Free

View from the bridge Essay The first presentations of the pair highlight it already with Eddie coming in from work and Catherine calling to Beatrice who is working in the kitchen. [Calling to the kitchen] Hes here, B.! This immediately emphasises the roles and stereotypes of The womens place is in the kitchen. Which obviously Miller wanted to present. Miller further presents the masculine and feminine roles with Beatrice, once hearing that her cousins are arriving that evening, panics about the appearance of the home. I didnt even buy a new tablecloth; I was gonna wash the walls - I was gonna wax the floors, [she stands disturbed] Miller emphasise Beatrices frenzy to highlight the role of women in that time even more to the degree that the male role, [Eddie] has to come in and save the day. Youre savin their lives, whatre you worrying about the tablecloth? Its an honour, B. Suppose my father didnt come to this country and I was starvin like them over there and I has people in America could keep me a couple of months? The man would be honoured to lend me a place to sleep. Beatrice then wells up with tears, complementing Eddie with angel; Godll bless you; you get a blessing for this! This shows that Eddie is the one who knows how to straighten things up in home and put things back into order. The role of a male. Beatrice and Catherine lay and dish out the meal then once the meal has finished, clear and wash the dishes, All whilst Eddie sits down and watched the work been done. This is very typical of the 1950s men and women roles and Miller plays with them, making the masculine role more evident and solid. When Beatrice and Eddie are together there is sometimes an air of tension which appears in imply that there is lack of sex in the relationship. [There is a slight pause and Eddie turns to Beatrice who has been avoiding his gaze] Eddie: What are you mad at me lately? Beatrice: Whos mad? Eddie: What worries you got? Beatrice: when am I gonna be a wife again, Eddie? This shows that the relationship between the two isnt as strong as a married couple should be. Eddie isnt living up to his expectations of a man, and giving Beatrice the feeling of being a complete wife. Eddie replies with I aint been feeling good. They bother me since they came Beatrice then fires back saying that the cousins have only been there for a couple of weeks where as Eddie hasnt been feeling good for three months. Eddie then retreats to himself with I dont know B; I dont want to talk about it. Eddie doesnt want to make an effort with trying to resolve this. He doesnt want to make an effort with Beatrice and he doesnt want to make an effort with the relationship. This can be said be a male trait, that when theres trouble with the missus, the first reaction is to avoid the situation and shut off. Through this way Miller presents another illustration of masculinity. When it comes to Catherine it is realised that Eddie takes quite an interest in her. With her appearance, behaviour and general relationship, making an effort to keep her under his wing, and when this starts to go wrong, he fights harder and harder to keep her there through different ways. Its already seen in the beginning in the play that Eddie is very concerned with Catherine through her dressing. I think its too short he says about a dress. I dont like the looks theyre givin you in the candy store. And with them new high heels on the sidewalk- clack, clack, clack. The heads are turnin like windmills These remarks express the way a father figure would say, which is thought about Eddie at first, and these comments are only looked at in an overprotective way. But as the play goes on, and situations arise that make Eddie to express his unlawful, latent love for Catherine, Eddie becomes more protective and aware of Catherines actions. For example when Eddie relises that there is obviously chemistry between Rooldfo and Catherine, he tells her to go take off her heels, causing her embarresment and looking small infront of Roldofo. Whats the high heels for, Garbo? I figured for tonight- Do me a favour, will you? Go ahead.

Wind Power:The Viable Fossil Fuel Alternative Essay -- Alternative Ene

As the harmful side effects of fossil fuel burning become evermore recognized, the use of clean, renewable technology becomes essential to our health, economy and environment. Petroleum and coal emit harmful pollutants into the atmosphere, contributing to global warming, acid rain and a host of other aliments. Equally concerning is the dependence of the economy on a finite resource such as oil. With world energy consumption rapidly rising, demand is increasing for renewable energy sources that have no significant health impact or environmental degradation. Of all these so called â€Å"green† energy sources, wind power has been the most widely used. Wind power is based on the same principals as windmills used for centuries; wind turbines harness air currents to perform work. With modern advances, wind can now be used to power cities, industries and homes. While only currently supplying a minor amount of all US electricity, wind power has the potential to supply a significant am ount of energy that will, unlike fossil fuels, never will be depleted or harm the environment. Wind Power Technology Wind as Energy Wind power is actually a secondary form of solar power. The Earth receives about 1.74 x1017 kW/hour from the sun in the form of solar radiation. About 1-2% of that energy is absorbed by the air in the form of heat. Areas of the Earth closer to the sun, like the equator, receive far more sunlight than northern and southern regions, which corresponds to hotter air. The hot air then rises and drifts high into the atmosphere then natural drifts to the poles. As the Earth spins on its axis, the drifting air remains unaffected by the Earth’s movements. This difference in movement pattern is what causes wind; air is actually staying... .../wind%20issue%20brief_FINAL.pdf [13] Energy From: Wind. 2012. Power Scorecard. 25 April 2014. http://www.powerscorecard.org/tech_detail.cfm?resource_id=11 [14] American Wind Energy Association. 2014. American Wind Energy Association. 25 April 2014, http://www.awea.org [15] Drew Robb. â€Å"Offshore Wind Struggles to Gain Foothold in North America.† Power Engineering. 8 (2002.) 11 May 2014. http://web2.infotrac-custom.com/pdfserve/get_item/1/S8726f7w3_1/SB335_01.pdf [16] Lester R. Brown. Wind Power Set to Become World’s Leading Energy Source. 2003. Earth Policy Institute. 1 May 2014, http://www.earth-policy.org/Updates/Update24.htm [17] Windpower.org. 2004. Danish Wind Industry Association. 25 April 2014, http://www.windpower.org/en/core.htm [18] Windpower.org. 2004. Danish Wind Industry Association. 25 April 2014, http://www.windpower.org/en/core.htm

Policing Culture Paper Essay

Throughout history the role of women and racial and ethnic minorities has been restrained. This causes the inability to move up in ranking and limiting the ability to perform in certain jobs. Being a woman or having a different racial background can also cause stereotypes. For example, a Hispanic officer may be given a Hispanic area to patrol, due to his background. The need for minorities and women in law enforcement is undoubtedly true. The culture, and gender diversity in police departments is not only helpful in today’s police departments, but it is a necessity. The larger police departments such as Detroit City police could not be a successful department without ethnic minorities, and women. One example of the need for women in the department would be that on a routine stop if there were a female that is suspected of a crime, or suspected to be in the possession of drugs she needs to be searched. A long time ago a male officer would simply search the woman, and arrest her if need be, or send her on her way. With all of the sexual harassment accusations against male police officers during the frisking it is easier on the department, as well as the women being frisked just to have a female officer do the task to avoid accusations, or even the loss of a case. Cities in the United states especially the large cities like Los Angeles, Chicago, New York, Miami, or Detroit is extremely ethnically diverse. This is where ethnic police officers are needed. If there was a call that police officers responded to there is a possibility that the person who is being interviewed at the scene would only want to talk with an ethnic police officer this will not only calm down the person being interviewed, but it will be a more effective interview. These are just a few examples of why women and ethnic minorities are a necessity to today’s police forces. That is also why men and women of today’s police forces are equal. Inside every police force is a manual that dictates guidelines for the officers to follow in times of question. This manual is usually known as the Policy and Procedures manual or P&P. These  mechanisms give officers clear guidelines on how to proceed with certain situations. These policies can only go so far in any department though. As each officer is out in his beat working his area, situations will dictate what he has to do in order to maintain his officer safety as well as the safety of the public and citizens of the area he is working. These manuals are given to instill base line knowledge of how an officer should handle himself and what his/her department feels is acceptable on how to handle calls and incidents. Policy is updated monthly if not weekly in order to stay current with case laws in order to keep the officer as sharp as possible to deal with the everyday citizens, jail house lawyers, or crim inally sophisticated individual who is well versed in dealing with law enforcement. Many experts have entertained the idea of the existence of a police subculture. Some would say that there are challenges and stress factors unique only to the job of policing. A study conducted on a police department by William Westly in Gary, Indiana discovered that two of the key factors leading to the creation of a police subculture were due to nature of the job and the individuals that the officers were most likely to come in contact with on a daily basis. He concluded that the majority of the people that officers came into contact with were those who already held resentment toward law enforcement officers. These interactions helped foster a police subculture, which emphasized violence, secrecy, and solidarity. Being a police officer can be very stressful. The demands of the job and the lack of control over workload can have a negative impact both physically and mentally. Personal relationships also suffer and the divorce rate is as high as 30 percent in some police departments. Police officers also have one of the highest suicide rates in the nation. It is apparent that police work is stressful. So what is the source of officer stress? Although many of the duties and responsibilities related to police work can create high levels of stress, there is not one single stressor that cannot be found in other occupations. The reality is that working in law enforcement can take a toll on an individual’s personal life. The challenge is trying to find a balance in order to alleviate these problems so that it does not affect the officer in the performance of their duties.

Mr. Jim Wormold, the Unlikely Optimist in “Our Man in Havana”

According to the online version of the Merriam-Webster dictionary, â€Å"faith is the allegiance to duty or a person: loyalty (1): fidelity to one's promises (2): sincerity of intentions. †# The concept of faith can cleverly be disguised as a purely religious byproduct; possessed primarily by the followers of a religious belief system or spiritual path. However, faith simply means a strong trust in something or someone. Faith is to commit oneself to act based on life experience to warrant rationalization, but without sufficient proof.To have a faith in someone or something also involves an act of will to persevere when the odds are at great length. Even though the protagonist, Jim Wormold doesn’t have religious faith and his actions motivated entirely by desperation to have the approval of an absent wife and spoiled daughter, he is the only character that doesn’t exhibit blind faith. Faith is closely related to loyalty, as evidenced by the ideal of †fidelit y to one’s promises† or an inherent â€Å"faithfulness†. Faith is not an uniquely religious principle, but it is a byproduct of entrusting loyalty.And both loyalty and faithfulness have connections to trustworthiness. Loyalty cannot exist without faith. Wormold’s faith is engrossed to the loyalty of his daughter. As stated in Chapter 2, â€Å"Unlike Wormold, who believed in nothing, Milly was a Catholic: he had been made to promise her mother, he supposed, was of no faith at all, but she had left a Catholic on his hands. It brought Milly closer to Cuba than he could come himself† (Greene, 15). When marrying, Wormold promised his wife they would raise their children as Catholics. Even when his wife leaves he continues to raise Milly as a Catholic.Although it appears that he himself is absent of a religious faith, his actions to ensure she is Catholic are very significant. Wormold failed in his marriage, but doesn’t want to fail in raising his daughter with the right upbringing. Wormold is wholly dedicated and governed by the main woman in his life, his daughter Milly. She is the entire reason for him becoming involved in the Secret Service. By all accounts he should have rejected Hawthorne's offer. He has no background or training of any kind that would qualify him to be a spy. However, he sees a chance to make some money and he exploits it.He not only takes the basic pay of $300 offered him, but goes out of his way to make as much money as possible by creating phantom agents and missions all requiring more money, which of course he uses on his daughter. The following quote presents the reasoning why Wormold accepts Hawthorne’s offer. Milly wants a horse and a country club membership for her seventeenth birthday although she knows Wormold cannot afford the extra expenses of such a gift. †¦,‘Oh, I knew you’d take it like this,’ Milly said. ‘I knew it in my heart of hearts. I said two novenas to make it right, but they haven’t worked.I was so careful too. I was in a state of grace all the time I said them. I’ll never believe in a novena again. Never. Never. ’ (†¦) He had no faith himself, but he never wanted by any action of his own to weaken hers. Now he felt a fearful responsibility; at any moment she would be denying the existence of God. Ancient promises he had made came up out of the past to weaken him. (18) In the given quote, Milly begins to doubt whether her prayers will be answered. It is obvious she takes advantage of her father and asks for anything even if she knows her father cannot afford it.In fear of Milly becoming skeptical of her Catholic faith, Wormold keeps the horse as he had made â€Å"ancient promises to his wife† to â€Å"raise a good Catholic†. Wormold’s fear of his daughter, or at least the fear of her disapproval is brought to realization. Wormold has a great love for his daughter and wants to give her everything she wants so that he can succeed as a single parent and remedy faults he committed to his wife. He sees direct parallels to his daughter with his wife. Wormold failed at his marriage, but he intends to succeed in rearing their child.Several times throughout the novel, Milly manipulates and controls her father with a similarity to her mother. He feels distant and detached from her world and often gives into her requests. â€Å"He was glad that she [Milly] could still accept fairy stories: a virgin who bore a child, pictures that wept or spoke words of love in the dark. Hawthorne and his kind were equally credulous, but what they swallowed were nightmares, grotesque stories out of science fiction† (75). Wormold compares the significance of Milly's Catholic faith to that of a childhood fairytale as it ensures she maintains her innocence and faith in something without skepticism.This critique of Catholicism is similar to the Santa Claus myth. Parents lie t o their children about the existence of an imaginary entity in hopes to instill principles of goodness and morality in their children. Wormolds’ lack of religious faith is a result of a moral discrepancy. His wife was apparently a devote Catholic but still managed to overlook her marriage and run off with another man. Religion for the protagonist, Wormold is irrelevant. On the other hand, to have a faith that things will continue being advantageous isn’t considered far-fetched.Our Man In Havana takes place against the background of the Cold War. The British Secret Service is operated by heresy and the fear of expansion of the Communist regime. The novel’s setting in Havana Cuba is important because the story is written and takes place just before the revolution led by Fidel Castro. At the time of the story, Cuba is a largely poor country. There are many European and American tourists and businesspeople on the island who have their personal agendas and respective loyalties. Wormold remarks about this in Part 5 of Chapter 4: â€Å"You are loyal. † â€Å"Who to? † â€Å"To Milly.I don't care a damn about men who are loyal to the people who pay them, to organizations†¦ I don't think even my country means all that much. There are many countries in our blood, aren't there, but only one person. Would the world be in the mess it is if we were loyal to love and not to countries? † (195) The paranoia surrounding the Cold War is what drives the Secret Service to recruit agents so quickly without giving them proper training. Loyalty is a recurring theme throughout Greene’s novel and questions the validity of the ability to have a loyalty to a country when residing in another.Espionage is rampant because the fear of a Communist threat appears imminent. Consequently, they are so desperate for any information that they are very excited when they get Wormold's fake reports. Their desire to outmaneuver the Communists oversh adows their common sense. The British Secret Service engages in a prime example of blind faith with enlisting Jim Wormold. Hawthorne, the British secret agent who recruits Wormold, is not revered as an outstanding agent and isn’t trusted by his superiors. This may be a result in his questionable judgment for selecting new recruits.Although the British secret Service prides itself to â€Å"employ agents who were men of good social standing,† Hawthorne lies about Wormold’s true occupation and social standing by embellishing it: â€Å" ‘Oh, he imports, you know, Machinery, that sort of thing. ’ It was always important to one’s own career to employ agents who were men of good social standing. The petty details on the secret file dealing with the store in Lamparilla Street would never, in ordinary circumstances, reach this basement-room† (52). Later, Hawthorne suspects Wormold's reports may be falsified, but does nothing about it.In Part 4 of Chapter 2 Dr. Hasselbacher states, â€Å"At first they promised me they were planning nothing. You have been very useful to them. They knew about you from the very beginning, Mr. Wormold, but they didn't take you seriously. They even thought you might be inventing your reports. But then you changed your codes and your staff increased. The British Secret Service would not be so easily deceived as all that, would it? † (146) Faith is a suspension of disbelief. This is vital for believing in things that can't be proven, and as such is a personal decision for the individual.The function of the British Secret Service is to rely heavily on sources that cannot be easily confirmed. They have to put much trust in people like Wormold. While it is likely that most of them are reliable and diligent intelligence gatherers, there are few checks and balances in place to confirm they are not. The information they provide is obviously secret and not easily verifiable. This is dangerous bec ause decision makers have to much of their faith on these sources when making serious decisions.When wrong information gets through the system, whether it is intentionally wrong or not, it resulted in disastrous consequences as several people do in fact die indirectly because of Wormold's fake reports. The Secret Service is supposed to be a highly competent organization, but in reality they are unwittingly relying on Wormold who is neither qualified nor a loyal patriot of the British Crown. â€Å"If you have abandoned one faith, do not abandon all faith. There is always an alternative to the faith we lose. Or is it the same faith under another mask? # The idea of faith being either religious or not is purely semantics. For Wormold it is not a matter if he has faith, but who or what he places his faith in. Throughout the novel, Wormold exhibits optimism that he will be able to preserve a decent livelihood for himself and his daughter through playing up the insecurities and paranoia of the British secret service. Through the depiction of Wormold, Greene's Our Man In Havana suggests that true faith is not blinded by fear of attack of an unknown enemy or mythology of an ominous being, but loyalty to one’s individual morals and loved ones.

Understanding the Significance of Pandoras Box

Understanding the Significance of Pandora's Box A Pandoras box is a metaphor in our modern languages, and the proverbial phrase refers to a source of endless complications or trouble arising from a single, simple miscalculation. Pandoras story comes to us from ancient Greek mythology, specifically a set of epic poems by Hesiod, called the Theogony and Works and Days. Written during the 7th century BC, these poems relate how the gods came to create Pandora and how the  gift Zeus gave her ultimately ends the Golden Age of humankind. The Story of Pandoras Box According to Hesiod, Pandora was a curse on mankind as retribution after the Titan Prometheus stole fire and gave it to humans. Zeus had Hermes hammer the first human woman- Pandora- out of the earth. Hermes made her lovely as a goddess, with the gift of speech to tell lies, and the mind and nature of a treacherous dog. Athena dressed her in silvery clothing and taught her weaving; Hephaestus crowned her with a marvelous golden diadem of animals and sea creatures; Aphrodite poured grace on her head and desire and cares to weaken her limbs. Pandora was to be the first of a race of women, the first bride and a great misery who would live with mortal men as companions only in times of plenty, and desert them when times became difficult. Her name means both she who gives all gifts and she who was given all gifts. Never let it be said that Greeks had any use for women in general. All the Ills of the World Then Zeus sent this beautiful treachery as a gift to Prometheus brother Epimetheus, who ignored Prometheuss advice to never accept gifts from Zeus. In the house of Epimetheus, there was a jar- in some versions, it too was a gift from Zeus- and because of her insatiable greedy womans curiosity, Pandora lifted the lid on it. Out from the jar flew every trouble known to humanity. Strife, sickness, toil  and myriad other ills escaped from the jar to afflict men and women forever more. Pandora managed to keep one spirit in the jar as she shut the lid, a timid sprite named Elpis, usually translated as hope. Box, Casket or Jar? But our modern phrase says Pandoras box: how did that happen? Hesiod said the evils of the world were kept in a pithos, and that was uniformly employed by all Greek writers in telling the myth until the 16th century AD. Pithoi are huge storage jars that are typically partly buried in the ground. The first reference to something other than a pithos comes from the 16th-century writer Lilius Giraldus of Ferrara, who in 1580 used the word pyxis (or casket) to refer to the holder of evils opened by Pandora. Although the translation was not exact, it is a meaningful error, because a pyxis is a whited sepulcher, a beautiful fraud. Eventually, the casket became simplified as box.   Harrison (1900) argued that this mistranslation explicitly removed the Pandora myth from its association with All Souls Day, or rather the Athenian version, the festival of Anthesteria. The two-day drinking festival involves opening wine casks on the first day (the Pithoigia), releasing the souls of the dead; on the second day, men anointed their doors with pitch and chewed blackthorn to keep the newly released souls of the departed away. Then the casks were sealed again. Harrisons argument is bolstered by the fact that Pandora is a cult name of the great goddess Gaia. Pandora is not just any willful creature, she is the personification of Earth itself; both Kore and Persephone, made from the earth and rising from the underworld. The pithos connects her to the earth, the box or casket minimizes her importance. The Meaning of the Myth Hurwit (1995) says that the myth explains why humans must work to survive, that Pandora represents the beautiful figure of dread, something for which men can find no device or remedy. The quintessential woman was created to beguile men with her beauty and uncontrollable sexuality, to introduce falsehood and treachery and disobedience into their lives. Her task was to let loose all the evils upon the world  while trapping hope, unavailable to mortal men. Pandora is a trick gift, a punishment for the good of Promethean fire, she is, in fact, Zeuss price of fire. Brown points out that Hesiods story of Pandora is the icon of archaic Greek ideas of sexuality and economics. Hesiod didnt invent Pandora, but he did adapt the story to show that Zeus was the supreme being who shaped the world and caused the misery of the human lot, and how that caused human descent from the original bliss of a carefree existence. Pandora and Eve At this point, you may recognize in Pandora the story of the Biblical Eve. She too was the first woman, and she too was responsible for destroying an innocent, all-male Paradise and unleashing suffering ever after. Are the two related? Several scholars including Brown and Kirk argue that the Theogony was based on Mesopotamian tales, although blaming a woman for all the evils of the world is definitely more Greek than Mesopotamian. Both Pandora and Eve may well share a similar source. Sources Edited and updated by K. Kris Hirst Brown AS. 1997. Aphrodite and the Pandora Complex. The Classical Quarterly 47(1):26-47.Harrison JE. 1900. Pandoras Box. The Journal of Hellenic Studies 20:99-114.Hurwit JM. 1995. Beautiful Evil: Pandora and the Athena Parthenos. American Journal of Archaeology 99(2):171-186.Kirk GS. 1972. Greek Mythology: Some New Perspectives. The Journal of Hellenic Studies 92:74-85.Wolkow BM. 2007. The Mind of a Bitch: Pandoras Motive and Intent in the Erga. Hermes 135(3):247-262.

Free Older Official ACT Practice Tests

Free Older Official ACT Practice Tests SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips There’s one thing that every student studying for the ACT definitely needs: practice tests that are almost identical to what you will face on your test day. No matter how else you study, we've found that most students really benefit from practicing by taking the full ACT test severaltimes in as close to test-taking conditions as possible. This is the best way to get comfortable with the format, timing and pace, your own endurance, and ways to manage your stress. So how do you get your hands on enough ACT tests to put yourself in the hot seat for practice? In this article, I’ll link to all the official tests and question sets released by ACT, and give you suggestions on where to find others, so that you have more than enough practice materials to get ready for the ACT. Why Use Old Official ACT Tests to Study? The good news about the ACT is that althoughits design has undergone some changes in the past few years, older tests are still verysimilar to the one you'll be taking. This means that you should still definitely try your best to use official ACT tests to study instead of the ones written by other companies. What Has Changed on the ACT? Though the basic format of the ACT has stayed the same for the past few decades, ACT, Inc. has made some recent revisions. First, the ACT Reading section now sometimes includes aset of paired passages, with multiple choice questions that compare and contrast them. If you're worried about this new style of passage, we have some advice on how to approachthe paired passage section of ACT Reading, as well as some commiseration on what makes this part of the test hard. Second, the ACT Writing section now features an expanded promptandan increased focus on your ability to analyze differing points of view. There have also beensome adjustments to the way it's scored. For all the details, read our full breakdown of all changes on the new enhanced ACT Writing test. Why Are Official ACT Tests Still Your Best Option? Now, let me explain why official tests are better than those written by other companies. Official tests released by ACT are made up of questions from older tests that have been retired. This means that they’ve gone through the same writing and editing process as the questions you'll see on test day. In other words, they are the real thing. On the other hand, other companies might be good at mimicking ACT style, or they might not be. If you stick to official ACT tests, you will put yourself in the position of having to judge the authenticity of style, wording, or approach of third-party work. Ifound my true self inAuthenti City on our last vacation, just aftera fewshocking days in Electri City and a spy tour of Dupli City. Free Official Test Links Here is a list of all of the full official ACT tests that have been released in the past 14 years. They are in PDF format, and you should print them out totake the test on paper just like you will on test day. Wondering why the 14-year list has fewer than 14 tests? ACT, Inc. releases the same practice test several years in a row. I’ve included the form number of each test so you can always tell whether you’ve already seen this test or not. You can find form numbers in the bottom left-hand corner of each ACT test page. ACT Practice Test and Answers (2018-2019)- form number 74F Test: p-55. Answer key: p57-60. ACT Practice Test and Answers (2015-2016)- form number 72C Test: p-55. Answer key: p57-62. ACT Practice Test and Answers (2014-2015)- form number67C Test: p-51 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p56-62. ACT Practice Test and Answers (20-2012)- form number64E Test: p13-56 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-65. ACT Practice Test and Answers (2008-2009)- form number61C Test: p13-55 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-64. ACT Practice Test and Answers (2005-2006)- form number59F Test: p13-55 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-65. Free Practice Question Sets From ACT In addition to releasing a fullofficial test every two years, ACT, Inc. publishes practice question sets on its website. If you countthem, you'll see that these practice questions make up another completeACT. But I don't recommend usingthem for yourtest-day conditions practice sessions. For one thing, the actual test will be in hard copy and not online. Moreover, on the ACT site, the correct answers to the practice questions pop up immediately after you click your answer choice. Believe me, that will not happen on your actual test booklet. Instead, use the online practice questionsto work onskills and to boost your comfort level with the different ACT test sections. 75 ACT English questions 60 ACT Math questions 48 ACT Reading questions 40 ACT Science questions 1 ACT Writing prompt with 6 graded sample essays ACT Question of the Day(keep scrolling down the page until you see it) Other Potential Official ACT Sources Find ACTtestsfor free on the internet.There are plenty of official old ACT tests that have not actually been published by ACT available online. Most of these are photocopies of actual past tests, which means they aren't authorized to be distributed, and that the websites they are on are breaking some intellectual property and copyright rules. I don't think you'll be at much risk if you decide to use them, but I'd advise you not to announce this fact over your school's loudspeaker. To find them, run a search for â€Å"free old act tests† and look for less commercial sites. Since you have theform numbers for the authorized, you can see which tests you haven’t taken or seen before. Maybe save the heralds for announcing your awesome ACT score, not broadcasting your internet searches for unauthorized practice tests. Buy ACT test books. If you have the resources, there are two great sources for ACT tests that you can buy: The first is the bookThe Official Guide to the ACT, 2019-2020 edition. It features5 official ACT tests and costs about $17 usedon Amazon. You can also check whetheryour library has a copy- just make sure it doesn't have the answers written into it. The second is theACT Online Program. It has two practice tests and costs $25 from ACT. We would advise you to skip their prep material, which is neither customized to you nor organized for the most effective studying. What’s the Best Way to Use These Tests? Now that you've downloaded all the ACT practice tests I linked to above, how do you make sure you're using them in the best and most effective way? Here are some suggestions. Work inas close to test-day conditions as possible. It makes sense that the more practice you have with how the test will actually go on the day you take it for real, the more prepared you'll be: Print the tests out andwork on paper. Work in a quiet room, without music or other interruptions and distractions. Time yourself ruthlessly and stop working on a section if your time runs out. You need to know if you are having trouble with pacing, so you can figure out how to stop running out of time on the math, science, reading, or writing section. Take the whole thing in one sitting. It’sa marathon 4 hours, so you need to get used to it, with justthe breaks that the real test with allow Take the test this waymore than once. In my experience, the 3rd or 4th time you take it is when you become sofamiliar with the format that takingthe testbecomes second nature. Review your answers in order to learn from your mistakes. Once you identify problem areas, use other kinds of test prep to honeyour skills (check out our guide to figuring out which ACT prep method is best for you). The wrong place to take your practice test. What’s Next? Need to know whether to retake the ACT? We can help you decide. Wondering how to study for the ACT? Check out the complete study plan we developed to know when you should take the ACT tests and when to study. Read our extensive guide on what it takes to get a 36 on the ACT, written by a perfect scorer. Also, read our in-depth strategy approaches togetting a 36 on ACT English, ACT Math, ACT Science,ACT Reading, and the ACT Writing essay. Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Major Causes Of Air Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Major Causes Of Air Pollution - Essay Example Urbanization also results in unhealthy waste disposal methods. This not only pollutes the air but also creates conditions for the spread of endemic diseases. Heavy industries are another contributor to air pollution. In the last two centuries, ever since the event of the Industrial Revolution, societies move away from being agrarian and embraced industrialization. Though there were advantages in terms of scale, speed and efficiency of production, the impact on the environment was overwhelmingly negative. Toxic sludge released by many industrial plants contaminates our rivers and plains, posing huge health risks. Likewise, the exhaust pipes of these plants release numerous toxic gases into the atmosphere, leading to air contamination. Environmental regulators are not able to check this form of air pollution. Hence, in conclusion, the problem of air pollution we are facing today is one of our own makings. As a society, we need to wake ourselves from complacency and address the issue with utmost expediency. Already, the effects of global warming are starting to change the natural climatic cycles in many parts of the world. The El Nino effect is one such example. We also need to abandon the culture of conspicuous consumption. Instead of aspiring to own luxury cars and SUVs, a greater reliance on public transportation and car-pooling must be adopted. As a society, we need to change our mindset toward embracing austerity. This again compounds the accumulation of greenhouse gas and further augments global temperature.

Gender as a Structure of Social Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Gender as a Structure of Social Practice - Essay Example Hegemony refers to the subordination of one group by another by mere implication that the other is greater. Hegemonic masculinity is exemplified in patriarchal systems where government is controlled by men. Narrowing down to hegemony among groups of men brings up the concept of subordination. The best example of subordinated masculinity is gay masculinity. Homosexual men in society are subordinate to heterosexual men who dominate society (Connell, p. 78). Complicity refers to the quiet acceptance by men of hegemonic structures because they benefit them at the expense of women. Marginalization brings into play class and race as factors that affect the masculinity of an individual. For example, black masculinity in the United States of America is marginalized by white hegemonic masculinity that holds economic power. Black men become associated with poverty, crime, violence, prison and other negative traits (Connell, p.79). Quentin Tarantino’s crime movie Pulp Fiction, considered a classic study of society’s underworld, contains outstanding examples of how society constructs masculinity. All the leading characters are male. The movie has been said to glorify violence among men; all the men in the movie are either career criminals or commit a crime at some point. The men are not above killing other men to achieve their goals, and do not hesitate to physically and emotionally abuse women. To illustrate the workings of Connell’s theory of masculinity, the focus is on the movie’s crime boss, Marcellus Wallace. Marcellus, a black character, is the biggest crime boss in the area. From the onset, he illustrates marginalization masculinity; a black man in oppressed America can only rise to immense wealth and power through crime. It is implied that Marcellus has risen to the top by being ruthless, cold and calculating. He also has a beautiful white trophy wife, played by Uma Thurman. His wealth qualifies him to marry a white woman, representing marginalization masculinity as manifested in the fantasy of the black man as a sexual predator of white women. Black men such as Marcellus actualize the worst fears of the white men in the hegemonic repressive system; taking their women. The ideology here is that a black man has to be extremely wealthy and successful to qualify to marry a white woman as a way of breaking society’s restrictions. Marcellus as boss of the underworld deals in different criminal operations such as drug rings, extortion, prostitution and gambling dens. He represents complicity to hegemonic masculinity as he has adapted the system to his benefit. The businesses he conducts involve prostitution, a form of exploitation of desperate women. He uses these women to enrich himself. He further illustrates hegemonic masculinity by controlling his wife’s every move and treating her like personal property. She has round-the-clock bodyguards under the guise of protection; in reality, he guards her jealou sly and monitors her every move. His paranoid actions seem justified however, when one of his henchmen succeeds in seducing his wife. To men like Marcellus, women are one more thing to be owned and used. Marcellus also treats his henchmen and underlings as disposable, illustrating further compliance to the hegemonic system. He does not hesitate to order assassinations of those who displease him. When a boxer, who was supposed to throw a match, played by Bruce Willis, ends up killing the

Letter to the editor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Letter to the editor - Essay Example These concerns have ever been raised in the in various social media but still the topic remains unexhausted. There are varied views held by different stakeholders in the society. Some parents recommend for increased adoption of recent technologies among the children and have even bought handsets for children to access the social media more easily. Some groups, however, have criticized the indulgence of the children in social media that would have negative impacts in their lives. As a matter of fact, the social media such as the televisions have far reaching impacts on the children yet are allowed to operate freely without restrictions! The televisions air advertisements that do not promote morals of the children. For instance, advertisement showing some children engaged in partying or drinking behaviors teach teenagers nothing good but rather creating awareness of immoral activities that do not inspire them achieve successful lives. Televisions need to involve teenagers in choosing what is morally right for displaying to the viewers. Some television channels are after making money and care less for the morals of children. This is because the immoral adverts pay huge amounts of money and the television media could reap high profits. To combat these practices, the development of media act is necessary in order to regulate these activities by the television media to promote a better future for the teenagers. The activities of the television service providers h ave minimum regulation and this limits interventions of state authorities. The developments in the social media have also enabled the uncontrolled monitoring of the children access to unwanted content. There are very many social network platforms used by teenagers at the back of parents’ knowledge. Consequently, the parents would not know the information shared by the children in order to impose restrictive measures. For instance, the parents are aware of the Facebook social

Anticoagulants as Prophylaxis for DVT and NSAIDs Analgesic

Anticoagulants as Prophylaxis for DVT and NSAIDs Analgesic INTRODUCTION The process of healing in a fractured bone depends on several factors related to the patient, fracture site, and treatment (Muller et al., 2004). In contrast to healing in other soft tissue, bone fracture healing is a very remarkable process, because rather than leading to scar tissue formation, normal bone healing leads to the regeneration of the anatomy of the bone and complete return to function (Sfeir et al., 2005). Administrations of different pharmacological agents have been known to have an effect on the fracture healing process. Such agents include corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), antibiotics and anticoagulants (lppokratis et al., 2007). Among these drugs, NSAIDS and anticoagulants are commonly used in the management of fracture cases. Not only are they prescribed in daily practise, they are frequently administered concomitantly (Ellen, 2003). NSAIDs are often used because of their analgesic effects. They carry out their pharmacologic effect by inhibition of cyclooxygenase. Diclofenac sodium, a commonly used NSAID derived from phenylacetic acid, is indicated for the management of acute and chronic conditions. Anticoagulants on the other hand are commonly used for the prevention and treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Major orthopedic trauma is a compelling risk factor for the development of DVT. This condition has been observed to occur in 50-70% of patients submitted to acute fixation of proximal femoral fracture, multiple fracture patients, and those presenting with spinal cord trauma when no prophylactic measure is performed. The most commonly used anticoagulants are low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and warfarin (Guyton and Hall, 2006). One study has reported no difference in quantitative amount of direct or radiographically measured callus formed during NSAIDs use. (Herbenick et al., 2008). In another study, Muller et al., 2004 reported that diclofenac sodium when given orally affected the mechanical properties of bone, reduced body weight gain and reduced the coefficient of non-fractured bone. A significant delay in fracture healing following administration of enoxaparin was reported by Street et al. (2000). Their study found fewer proliferating cells and fewer transforming pericytes in the medullary cavity at day 7 and 14 and weaker mechanical properties at day 21 compared to the control animals. Hak et al., (2006), however reported no deleterious effect of LMWH on fracture healing mechanical properties. Regardless of the frequent use of anticoagulants as prophylaxis for DVT and NSAIDs as analgesic in the management of trauma cases, few studies have shown their combined effect during fracture healing. The present study was thus designed to evaluate the effect of combine use of these drugs on the histology and histomorphometry of bone tissues in experimental rat model of bone fractures. Materials and Method Animal management: Thirty six male Wistar rats weighing between 150g to 200g were used. Animals were housed in clean plastic cages and provided with food and water ad libitum throughout the experimental period. All animals were handled in accordance with the guidelines for animal research as detailed in the NIH Guidelines for the care and use of laboratory Animals (NIH Publication, 2011) and experimental protocol were approved by local institutional research and ethics committee. Fracture Procedures: Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups (A, B and C) of 12 animals. All animas were submitted to diaphyseal fracture of right tibia after being anesthetized with chloroform via inhalation under aseptic conditions. Animals were then allowed to move freely without any immobilization (Muller et al 2004). Drug administration: Following fracture, animals in group B were administered with diclofenac and heparin, while group C were administered with diclofenac and warfarin. Group A animals served as control. Diclofenac was administered intramuscularly on alternate thigh muscle at 5mg/kg/day. Heparin was administered subcutaneously at 0.5mg/kg/day and warfarin was administered orally at 0.005mg/kg/day. Drug administration commenced12 hours following fracture was continued for daily for a period of 21 days. Four animals were selected from each group for radiographic, histologic and histomorphometric analysis at day 7, 14 and 21 days interval following treatment. Radiologic evaluation: Standardized radiographs (Faxitron, Wheeling, IL USA) were performed at the time of sacrifice, using constant settings with the animal anesthetized and positioned prone with both hind limbs fully abducted. Fracture union was evaluated by two, blinded, independent observers. Fracture union was defined as the presence of bridging callus along opposite cortices. (Hak et al., 2006) Histological and Histomorphometric analysis: Following radiographic evaluation, animals were sacrificed, and right tibia dissected out. Tibia bones were immediately fixed in 10% formal saline for at least 24 hours. Fixed tibia tissues were then subjected to decalcification using 10% EDTA (pH 7.4) for 7 days. Following decalcification, tibia tissues were processed for routine paraffin wax embedding. Sections of 5 um thick were cut and stained using routine Haematoxylin and Eosin (HE) procedure for general tissue histology and Van Geison staining procedure for collagen fibres. Stained sections were observed under Leica DM750 digital research microscope. Photomicrographs were taken via attached ICC50 digital camera from 3 non-overlapping areas of stained sections. These were then imported onto Image J software (NIH sponsored public domain image analysis software) for histomorphometric analysis which included osteocytes cell count and cortical width measurement. Statistical analysis: Data obtained from histomorphometric count and measurement were analysed using One-way ANOVA followed by Students-Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests for multiple comparison. GraphPadPrsim 5 (GraphPad Inc., USA) software was package use for statistical analysis. Significant difference was set at p Results Radiographic analysis: X-Ray photos of rat tibia after 7days of treatment showed fracture lines that were clearly visible with no sign of callus formation. After 14 days however minimal deposition of callus formation in all groups was observed. Bridging callus was more in control and group B rats as compared with group C and group D. After 21 days of Treatment more deposits of callus with fracture line no longer visible was observed in control and group B as compared with group C and D (Figure 1). Histological analysis: HE staining showed intact osteocytes within lacunae, empty lacunae, and resorption cavities in all groups (Figure 2).Van Gieson staining technique differentiates between mature and immature collagen fibres (callus). Mature collagen fibres stains deep red while immature fibres stains pale orange. The colour intensity of the deep red was observed in the control group through the 21 days of treatment. However groups B and C had more immature collagen fibres all through the 21 days of treatment when compared to the control (Figure 3). Histomorphometric measurements: Data analysis shows that administration of diclofenac plus heparin and diclofenac plus warfarin in groups B and C respectively, significantly increased (p Discussion In the current study, we found that administration of heparin and diclofenac as well as warfarin and diclofenac resulted in increased number of osteocytes count at week 1, 2 and 3when compared with the control. Though at day 14 the osteocyte count of diclofenac heparin animals was significantly higher than diclofenac warfarin group. Increased osteocytes number is associated with increase in activity of osteoclast, subsequently increasing bone resorption (Lynda 2011). The use of anticoagulant is associated with surgical site heamatoma formation. The early use of LMWH in patients with fractures may lead to larger fracture site hematoma. It is generally accepted that fracture site hematoma could be beneficial in fracture healing. Studies by Grundnes and Reikera in 1993 have shown that evacuation of this hematoma could be deleterious on fracture healing. However Street et al 2000 showed that though hematoma could be beneficial, high concentration of potassium in fracture site hematoma is cytotoxic to endothelial cells and osteoblasts. Therefore increased fracture site heamatoma volume may have deleterious effect on fracture healing. Hak et al 2006 reported the presence of heamatoma formation in short term administered LMWH in animals. In this study, we observed no hematoma formation at fracture site in diclofenac heparin administered animals. However, the presence of hematoma was observed in animals receiving diclofenac and warfarin which persisted f or the period of 3 weeks. Studies by Avioli et al 1975 and Matzsch et al 1990 identified long term use of heparin to be a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis in humans. Their finding was supported by Chowdhury et al., 1992, they concluded that low doses of standard heparin directly stimulates bone resorption by increasing the number of differentiated osteoclasts and by enhancing the activity of individual osteoclast. One study by Nishiyama et al., (1997) comparing the effects of heparin and LMWH (dalteparin) after 8 days of injection, observed that rats treated with standard heparin showed a significant reduction in osteoid surface and mineral apposition rates and seven of eight rats suffered spontaneous femoral fracture. When compared with the rats treated with LMWH, they observed minimal decrease in bone indices and no fractures. These finding is supported by this study were we observe decrease cortical thickness in animals treated with diclofenac and anticoagulants when compared with the contro l. However this decrease was more marked in diclofenac warfarin group than in diclofenac heparin group. Decrease in cortical width has been said to lead to cortical porosity resulting in increased fragility of bone. (Bouvaed et al., 2012; Evangelos and Meletios 2014). In this study radiographic evidence showed reduced callus formation in anticoagulants and diclofenac treated animals at the end of the 3rd week. However no reduction in callus formation was obsereved in control group. This is consistent with studies done by Hak et al., 2006. Conclusion In conclusion the combined use of diclofenac and anticoagulants could affect the quality of fracture healing, hence the study recommends that concomitant use of diclofenac and anticoagulants should be applied with caution.

The Scientific Revolution: A New View of the World :: Expository Essays Research Papers

The Scientific Revolution: A New View of the World Herbert Butterfield stated that, "Since the Scientific Revolution overturned the authority in science not only of the middle ages but of the ancient world...it outshines everything since the rise of Christianity." During the scientific revolution Nicholas Copernicus, Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton all voiced their opinions that contradicted the views of the church. Before the Scientific Revolution, the Bible or Greek philosophers such as Aristotle or astronomers like Claudius Ptolemy, whose ideas were sanctioned by the church, answered any questions regarding the natural world. In the bible it writes, "Mankind is the most important of God's creations and occupies the centre of his universe." Astronomers therefore stated that, "The earth is at the centre of the universe. The sun, the moon and the stars all move around the earth." Nicholas Copernicus, (1473-1543) a Polish monk and astronomer trained in medicine, law and mathematics, believed that the sun, not the earth, was at the centre of the universe. He believed this to be true because mathematics fit in nowhere with the explanation of how our world came to be. He formulated mathematical calculations that provided the basis for a new view on the world. He constructed a model of the universe to show this. His theory contrasted with the beliefs and views of the church therefore it was denounced in 1543. Galileo Galilei, (1564-1642) an Italian mathematician and astronomer, won the respect and admiration of many people of his time because of his inventions. He constructed a military compass, an instrument for measuring the expansion of liquids, and one of the early telescopes with which he discovered Jupiter's satellites, irregularities on the surface of the moon, star clusters in the milky way and spots on the surface of the sun. He was initially skeptical of Copernicus' theory however his observations and experiments affirmed his diagram of the universe. Critics attacked Galilei's findings. They said that his "discoveries" were ridiculous to believe and that it was only is imagination or dreams. Galilei wrote a letter to Dowager Grand Duchess trying to reconcile his astronomical observations with the Bible. Isaac Newton, (1642-1727) was an English scientist and statesman. Although his views were thought to contradict the bible he was the only man of these three which proved his views to be true. He discovered gravity and the laws of motion. He stated that, 'every particle in the universe is attracted to every other particle by a force that is directly related to the product of their masses and inversely related to the squares of the distance between them.

Johnson and Johnson

TERM PAPER For STRATEGIC OPERATION MANAGEMENT Submitted by: ANALIZA T. CEDILLO BSBA 4-1 (OM) Submitted To: Prof Avila JOHNSON & JOHNSON COMPANY INTRODUCTION * The Company supports the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals to improve the health of mothers and children in developing countries. As a founding sponsor, Johnson & Johnson helps launch the United States’ first free mobile health service, providing health information via text messages for Pregnant women and new mothers. * They are the world’s sixth-largest consumer health company There are the world’s largest and most diverse medical devices and Diagnostics Company. * They are the world’s fifth-largest biologics company. * And the world’s eighth-largest pharmaceuticals company * Johnson & Johnson was a biggest company that caring the world and enduring strength they consistent approaching and to managing  they Business. * They have more than 250 operating companies in 60 coun tries employing approximately 129,000 people. Our worldwide. * Johnson  &  Johnson Family of Companies work with partners in health care to touch the lives of over a billion people every day, throughout the world.HISTORY: Johnson & Johnson,126 years more than a century caring. Its start on 1886 with the three brothers, Robert Wood Johnson, James Wood Johnson and Edward Mead Johnson, found Johnson  &  Johnson in New Brunswick, New Jersey, U. S. 1901, is a Part of its commitment to first aid, Johnson  &  Johnson publishes the first Aid Manuals, using proven best practices from leading physicians. 1910, James Wood Johnson takes over the leadership of Johnson  &  Johnson until 1932. The first overseas operating company opens in the United Kingdom was on 1924. And they expand to Mexico and South Africa.On 1932, Robert Wood Johnson II. He begins leadership of Johnson  &  Johnson. Known as General Johnson, he transforms the Company into a global decentralized Family of Companies. 1963-1973, Under Chairman and CEO Philip B. Hofmann's leadership, operating companies launch new treatments for schizophrenia, family planning and personal care. Also, 1963 marks the last year that JOHNSON'S ® Baby Powder is sold in tins. They announce plans to build our new World Headquarters in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and form a public-private partnership to revitalize the city. 2002, William C.Weldon becomes Chairman and CEO of Johnson  &  Johnson, only the eighth person to lead the Company since its founding. Under his leadership, the Company enters new therapeutic areas such as HIV/AIDS, and health and wellness. 2011, They celebrates 125 years of caring and looks to the next 125 years of transforming care for patients, consumers and communities around the world. In the year of 2012, Alex Gorsky is appointed Chief Executive Officer of Johnson  &  Johnson. As only the seventh CEO in our history, he continues a legacy of leadership. Company OverviewJohnson & Johnson's commitment to innovative health care products has resulted in consistent financial performance. The Company has 29 consecutive years of adjusted earnings increases and 50 consecutive years of dividend increases. Johnson ; Johnson, through its family of companies, employs approximately 129,000 people worldwide and is engaged in the manufacture and sale of a broad range of products in the health care field in many countries of the world. Johnson ; Johnson's primary interest, both historically and currently, has been in products related to health and well-being.Johnson & Johnson was organized in the State of New Jersey in 1886. Johnson & Johnson is organized on the principles of decentralized management. The Executive Committee of Johnson & Johnson is the principal management group responsible for the strategic operations and allocation of resources of the Johnson & Johnson family of companies. Johnson & Johnson's operating companies are organized into three business segmen ts: Consumer, Pharmaceutical and Medical Devices and Diagnostics.A Group Operating Committee, composed of managers who represent key operations within the segment, as well as management in specialized functional departments, oversees and coordinates the activities of domestic and international companies related to each of the business segments. However, in line with the principle of decentralized management, senior management groups at U. S. and international operating companies are each responsible for their own strategic plans, as well as the day-to-day operations of those companies, and each international company is, with some exceptions, managed by citizens of the country where it is located.HR/MANAGEMENT Johnson ; Johnson Strategic Framework They believe that in serving. those who sell their product, they serve himself. Foundation The Strategic Framework starts with Credo, the guide to help navigate way through challenges and opportunities. From Credo, there Aspiration emerges – by caring, one person at a time; they are help billions of people around the world live longer, healthier and happier lives. Strategic Planning/Principles From the foundation they build a unique kind of a set.They based on a health care, First they focus on managing for the long term. Second they operate under a decentralized management approach. And then do all this through a unique culture that values and fosters the development of people. Executive management of Johnson ; Johnson, with the support and approval of the Board of Directors, has set the fundamental strategic direction of the Company to remain a broadly-based human health care company for the consumer, pharmaceutical and medical device and diagnostics markets.Strategic planning is guided by the ethical principles embodied in Our Credo, unifying our people worldwide behind a set of common values and providing a constant reminder of the Company's responsibilities to all of its constituents. With over 250 operati ng companies located in 60 countries throughout the world, Johnson & Johnson is organized on the principle of decentralized management. Each international company is, with some exceptions, managed by citizens of the country where it is located. Senior management groups at U. S. nd international operating companies are each responsible for their own strategic plans. On an on-going basis throughout the year, at meetings of the Board and Committees of the Board, management of the Company and Board members discuss the strategic direction and major developments of the Company's various businesses. The process is an interactive/on-going dialogue which provides the Directors with insight into the activities and direction of the Company's businesses. Accounting/Finance Department Corporate Governance The values embodied in the Credo guide the actions of the people of theJohnson & Johnson Family of Companies at all levels and in all parts of the world. They have done so for more than 60 year s. These Credo values extend to our accounting and financial reporting responsibilities. Management is responsible for timely, accurate, reliable and objective financial statements and related information. Such as: * Maintain a well-designed system of internal accounting controls. * Encourage strong and effective corporate governance from our Board of Directors. * Continuously review our business results and strategic choices. Focus on financial stewardship. Accounting Controls The professionally trained internal auditors travel worldwide to monitor system of internal accounting controls. This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and that transactions and events are recorded properly. The internal controls include self-assessments and internal and external audit reviews of operating companies, which concludes â€Å"Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting,† printed in Annual Report.Johnson  &  Johnson is gu ided by the values set forth in Credo, created by General Robert Wood Johnson in 1943. Credo and the principles have been woven into the fabric of the Company. The values articulated of Credo extend to accounting and financial responsibilities to Johnson  &  Johnson shareholders and investors. The Johnson & Johnson SWOT: Strengths * Worldwide sales have grown 14% indicating a strong position for the global group. * The business model adapted by Johnson and Johnson fundamentally uses the adaptation of entrepreneurial values in order to retain an edge within the market place. Working with intensive scientific notions Johnson and Johnson utilize a varied expanse of problem solving techniques in order to challenge the standard practice and capitalize on growth through emerging markets which enables associated growth. * The use of independent offices working as standalone units provides the opportunity to develop concepts with cultural considerations which can prove important when ta king a product to global markets. Weaknesses There is increasing pressure within pharmaceutical markets to reduce prices in line with medical budgets and maintain patent expirations to ensure generic programmers are updated within critical path movements. * Challenges have been faced within Johnson and Johnson where a reduction in the market demand for key products has been identified; some of these products were branded and have been replaced by generic programmers at the end of patent time lines. * Internal weakness across the industry and not isolated to Johnson and Johnson would be the level of theft and counterfeiting of drugs managed through internal personnel.Opportunity * Whilst the recent acquisition of Pfizer Consumer Healthcare will act as an opportunity in its own right to promote growth for the organization through alternative routes there is the added value capitalized through the return on investment which will be realized 12 months before plan releasing funds back in to the bottom line. * Johnson and Johnson have highlighted new developments in pharmacy products with five undergoing regulatory review which provides the opportunity to grow the existing product portfolio. Development into new functions of medical devices and diagnostics will provide new markets to entry which will result in business growth. * With the development of WTO rules to prevent the availability of cheap generic drugs there is the opportunity to reduce the level of lost profit due to generic introduction as patents run out. Whilst this will aid Johnson and Johnson where they own the brand where they are looking to capitalize on introducing generic drugs to market this ruling will become a hindrance. Threats Generally within the main pharmaceutical companies there is a high level of competition for the generics markets where patents finish and it is the first to entry where success will generally be determined. * Technological developments with bio-tech concepts will potent ially move the traditional pharmaceutical methods out of the market place in the long term although there is an economical argument that this form of development can be segregated to run alongside traditional methods and complement as opposed to replace.

Play and sportsmanship Essay

In my opinion a sport in which levels of fair play and sportsmanship have totally been abandoned is American Football. With the amount of spectators the game gets, the coaches and chairpersons of the clubs like to put out their best players every game. Regardless of their physical health. There are countless times that players have been seen to go off with horrific groin strains and shoulder injuries, but the medical staff and coaches put them right back onto the pitch doped up with huge amounts of pain killers and drugs that will affect their performance. If a player of a sport that has the nature of American football, (being very physical and tough) goes on the pitch to play hyped up on pain killers then are clearly going to perform differently to that of a player who plays with spirit and strength. The other thing about this sport is the way in which each team is always reading the lips of the other teams coach to see what their next move is about to be. Surely if the oppositions know each others moves all the time then the fairness of the sport is lost. Today’s top athletes all use dietitions, health advisors and personal trainers to become the best at their particular sport. They all use performance enhancing techniques to improve their sporting ability and performance in competition. But is this against the Sportsmanship/Gamesmanship theory? With the production of illegal performance enhancing dugs being more and more common in the sporting environment of today , the governing bodies for the particular sports are having more and more trouble detecting whether athletes have used illegal stimulants to help them to train. To conclude. In today’s sporting world. Nations will use sport as a platform for political power. This can sometimes lead to sportsmanship being thrown aside and made way for other styles of gaming like gamesmanship. In my own opinion sportsmanship is still strong in many of today’s sports and athlete’s, but if the values of sportsmanship are not upheld, by the governing bodies of the sport, such as the FA then the sport is likely to become worse to be a spectator of and less fair to play in. If the bodies who govern the game do not maintain strong levels of justice and fair play within their own rulings then players will become less sportsmanship and the levels of the sports fair play will drop.